Top 9 Spiritual African Symbols and Meanings

African spiritual symbols are deeply rooted in the diverse cultures and beliefs found across the continent.

Spiritual practices vary by country and even the individual but play a significant role in the lives of many Africans. ¹

Even everyday utilitarian objects, such as bowls and cooking pots, can hold spiritual significance due to their colors and patterns.²

African symbols can also represent non-verbal communication, as they’ve been used for thousands of years to send or leave behind messages.³⁴

Below, we list some common spiritual symbols and meanings from various African cultures. You’ll also find ways these symbols are used around the world today.

1. Cowrie shells
   Used as divination tools; symbolize wealth and fertility
   
2. African violet flower
   Associated with the crown chakra, which is believed to provide spiritual enlightenment and growth; represents feminine power, fertility, and protection⁵
   
3. White gazania flower
   Represents purity, faith, innocence, chastity, and spirituality⁶
   
4. Adinkra symbols
   Used in Ghana on pottery and other forms of art to convey proverbs and values
   
5. Carved mask
   Believed to help the wearer communicate with spirits; usually depicts an animal⁷
   
6. Ankh
   Egyptian symbol representing life and immortality; a cross with a loop on top
   
7. Crocodile
   Sacred animal representing protection; believed to be a spiritual being that wards off evil⁸
   
8. Djembe drum
   Used in West African rituals and celebrations to connect with ancestors and invoke spiritual energy
   
9. African dream root
   Sacred plant used by the Xhosa people to induce prophetic lucid dreams⁹

How Spiritual African Symbols Are Used Today

Spiritual African symbols continue to be used in cultural customs, spiritual beliefs, and long-held traditions. They’re also used across the world in countless creative ways.

Keep in mind that symbols can have unique implications for individuals and groups. The meaning of symbols can change throughout history and between cultures.

Here are some contemporary ways African spiritual symbols are used today:

• Art: Spiritual symbols are often used in traditional artwork, such as textiles, pottery, and beadwork. These art forms are not only a way of preserving cultural heritage but are also powerful symbols of identity and spirituality. One example is a “nkisi nkondi,” or “power figure,” which is a sculpture used by Kongo people as a symbol of protection and justice.¹⁰
• Jewelry and adornments: Symbols are used on things like bracelets, rings, pendants, and amulets. This is believed to bring the wearer protection, special blessings, or spiritual connection.
• Body art: Many people of African descent, as well as others who appreciate African culture, use spiritual symbols in tattoos and body art. These symbols can be a personal expression of spirituality, identity, or African heritage.
• Spiritual practices and rituals: Spiritual symbols continue to be used in rituals and ceremonies in many African communities. They’re believed to connect individuals with spiritual forces and their ancestors. One example is in an “ọpọ́n Ifá,” which is a divination tray embellished with carved symbols along the outer edge.¹¹